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Special economic zones, one of the most important instruments of industrial policy in developing countries, often feature export share requirements. That is, firms located in these zones are obliged to export more than a certain stated share of their output to enjoy the wide array of incentives available there, a practice prohibited by the World Trade Organization. This paper exploits the staggered removal of export requirements across products and over time in the special economic zones of the Dominican Republic to evaluate whether the importance of exports originating from the zones was affected by the elimination of export requirements. The findings show that entry increased among firms in special economic zones, while the average value of export transactions fell for existing exporters following the reforms. At the same time, continuous exporters were unaffected by the policy change, possibly because these firms were not constrained by the export requirement. Overall, special economic zones became more important with respect to the number of exporters based there but not in terms of the value of exports. The findings suggest that the elimination of performance requirements made it more attractive for firms to be based in special economic zones.

Business Environment --- Export Competitiveness --- Firm Entry --- Industry Policy --- Special Economic Zones --- World Trade Organisation

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'The Oxford Handbook of International Trade Law' offers extensive analysis and critique on the principles of modern international trade law, considering the systems of trade between nations in their economic and institutional contexts.

international trade law. --- World Trade Organisation. --- settlement of disputes. --- trade agreement. --- free-trade area. --- international commercial arbitration. --- Foreign trade regulation.. --- Law. --- Commercial law --- Foreign trade regulation --- Foreign trade regulation. --- Laws of specific jurisdictions & specific areas of law.

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Christian moral theology --- Human ecology. Social biology --- Christian spirituality --- #GGSB: Geestelijke lezing (geel) --- #GGSB: Spiritualiteit --- 291.212.2 --- 241.1*31 --- #gsdb10 --- C3 --- spiritualiteit --- ecologie (x) --- wereldgodsdiensten (x) --- milieubeheer --- bevrijdingstheologie --- Verering van water en bronnen. Hydrolatrie --- Politieke theologie. Bevrijdingstheologie. Ethiek van de revolutie --- Kunst en cultuur --- 241.1*31 Politieke theologie. Bevrijdingstheologie. Ethiek van de revolutie --- 291.212.2 Verering van water en bronnen. Hydrolatrie --- Geestelijke lezing (geel) --- Spiritualiteit --- ecologie --- Verenigde Naties --- 2004 Jaar van het Water --- 2005 Werled Water Forum --- privatisering van het water --- GATS --- General Agreement on Trade in Services --- WTO --- World Trade Organisation --- theologie --- sociale rechtvaardigheid --- ecologische crisis

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International finance --- Foreign trade policy --- World Trade Organization --- AA / International- internationaal --- 333.139.2 --- 333.50 --- 333.600 --- 334.81 --- Bankcontrole en -reglementering. Reglementering van het bankberoep. --- Financiële instellingen: algemeenheden. --- Financiële markten. Kapitaalmarkten (algemeenheden). --- Wereldhandelsorganisatie (WHO). Algemene overeenkomst voor handel en tarieven (GATT). --- Financial services industry --- Services, Financial --- Service industries --- Bankcontrole en -reglementering. Reglementering van het bankberoep --- Financiële instellingen: algemeenheden --- Financiële markten. Kapitaalmarkten (algemeenheden) --- Wereldhandelsorganisatie (WHO). Algemene overeenkomst voor handel en tarieven (GATT) --- World Trade Organization. --- Biśva Bāṇijya Saṃsthā --- Dėlkhiĭn Khudaldaany Baĭguullaga --- DTÖ --- Dünya Ticaret Örgütü --- Munaẓẓamat al-Tijārah al-ʻĀlamīyah --- O.M.C. --- OMC --- ʻOngkān Kānkhā Lōk --- Organisation mondiale du commerce --- Organização Mundial do Comércio --- Organización Mundial de Comercio --- Organización Mundial del Comercio --- Organizația Mondială de Comerț --- Organizzazione mondiale del commercio --- Organizzazione mondiale per il commercio --- Qaṅgkār Bāṇijjakamm Bibhab Lok --- Sāzmān-i Tijārat-i Jahānī --- Shi jie mao yi zu zhi --- SOT --- Světová obchodní organizace --- Svitova orhanizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ torhivli --- Światowa Organizacja Handlu --- Tổ chức thương mại thế giới --- Viśva Vyapāra Saṅgaṭhana --- Vsemirnai︠a︡ torgovai︠a︡ organizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- VTO --- W.T.O. --- Welthandelsorganisation --- World Trade Organisation --- WTO --- منظمة التجارة العالمية --- 世界貿易組織 --- 世界贸易组织 --- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization)

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International trade --- Free trade --- Foreign trade regulation --- World Trade Organization --- Doha Development Agenda --- Biśva Bāṇijya Saṃsthā --- Dėlkhiĭn Khudaldaany Baĭguullaga --- DTÖ --- Dünya Ticaret Örgütü --- Munaẓẓamat al-Tijārah al-ʻĀlamīyah --- O.M.C. --- OMC --- ʻOngkān Kānkhā Lōk --- Organisation mondiale du commerce --- Organização Mundial do Comércio --- Organización Mundial de Comercio --- Organización Mundial del Comercio --- Organizația Mondială de Comerț --- Organizzazione mondiale del commercio --- Organizzazione mondiale per il commercio --- Qaṅgkār Bāṇijjakamm Bibhab Lok --- Sāzmān-i Tijārat-i Jahānī --- Shi jie mao yi zu zhi --- SOT --- Světová obchodní organizace --- Svitova orhanizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ torhivli --- Światowa Organizacja Handlu --- Tổ chức thương mại thế giới --- Viśva Vyapāra Saṅgaṭhana --- Vsemirnai︠a︡ torgovai︠a︡ organizat︠s︡ii︠a︡ --- VTO --- W.T.O. --- Welthandelsorganisation --- World Trade Organisation --- WTO --- منظمة التجارة العالمية --- 世界貿易組織 --- 世界贸易组织 --- General Agreement on Tariffs and Trade (Organization) --- DDA --- Development Round --- Doha Agenda --- Doha Round --- WTO Doha Trade Agenda --- International trade - Congresses --- Free trade - Congresses --- Foreign trade regulation - Congresses